What is the function of the epiglottis?

The epiglottis serves a vital role in the body by acting as a flap of cartilage located at the base of the tongue, which helps to direct the flow of air and food. During the act of swallowing, the epiglottis closes over the trachea (the windpipe) to prevent food and liquids from entering the airway and directs them into the esophagus instead. This mechanism is crucial for protecting the respiratory tract from aspiration and ensuring that food passes safely into the gastrointestinal tract. Its proper function is essential for normal swallowing and respiration, highlighting its importance in maintaining safe and efficient digestive and respiratory processes.