During which process is water used to provide electrons in photosynthesis?

In photosynthesis, the process that uses water to provide electrons is the light-dependent reactions. During these reactions, which occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, water molecules are split through a process called photolysis. This reaction is driven by light energy absorbed by chlorophyll. The splitting of water releases oxygen as a byproduct and provides electrons that are crucial for the photosynthetic electron transport chain.

These electrons ultimately contribute to the formation of energy-rich molecules such as ATP and NADPH, which are then utilized in the subsequent stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. The light-dependent reactions are essential for harnessing solar energy and converting it to chemical energy, making them a key component of the photosynthetic process.